Sitagliptin is an oral tablet used to treat the high blood sugar levels caused due to type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a condition that occurs when the body doesn't produce a sufficient amount of insulin or doesn't utilise the amount of insulin produced by incretin. As a result, the blood sugar levels will decrease leading to various health complications. Apart from that, sitagliptin products is also used along with exercise and diet to improve and balance blood sugar levels. It is a prescription drug and is available in the form of a tablet. It can be taken together with the other medicines or used alone.
The hormone incretin plays a crucial role in the proper production and release of insulin inside the body. Insulin is a chemical in your body that is essential in separating the sugar from the blood and transmitting it to cells. In those cells, the sugar is stored and utilised as an energy source. This process is essential in regulating blood sugar levels.
However, when this process is blocked by the enzyme called Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4), it leads to increased blood sugar levels, resulting in conditions such as type 1 and type 2 diabetes. In such conditions, sitagliptin which is a Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor is used. It works by blocking the enzyme DPP-4 and thereby protects the hormone called incretin. As a result, there is proper production and transmission of insulin in the body, resulting in proper blood sugar regulation.
Sitagliptin can be used along with other medications which can change the functionality of the drug. The common side effects that occur due to the usage of sitagliptin are headache, diarrhoea, discomfort in the stomach, nausea, runny nose, and low blood sugar. Some of the serious side effects of sitagliptin and its symptoms are Pancreatitis(inflammation of the pancreas), Allergic reactions, Kidney problems, Nasopharyngitis(swelling of the throat and nasal passage), bullous pemphigoid(blistering disorder).
Sitagliptin which helps in normalising high blood sugar levels is a prescription drug that requires the proper diagnosis and consultation with a healthcare professional before its usage. The symptoms of every individual might vary as a result the dosage of sitagliptin will vary. The major factors that depend on formulating the dosage levels are age, other health conditions, effectiveness of the first dosage, and severity of the symptoms. Despite the side effects that are associated with sitagliptin it's essential to understand the functionality of sitagliptin in inhibiting the DPP-4 enzyme and thereby reducing the risks of high blood sugar levels.
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